LATIHAN SOAL 1 PERSIAPAN UN 2014 BIOLOGI SMP

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DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

DEFINITION

        Descriptive text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place or thing.

SOCIAL FUNCTION

        To describe a particular person, place or thing.

GENERIC STRUCTURE

q Identification : Identifying the phenomenon to                          be described

q Description : Describing the phenomenon in                            parts, qualities, or and                                       characteristic.

q Direct expresions or opinion

LINGUISTIC FEATURES

Ò Focus on particular participants

Ò  Direct expression of opinions

Ò  Use of simple present tense, past tense and also package of information

LANGUAGE FEATURES

v Focus on specific participants

v The use of simple present tense

v Adjective

v Noun Phrase

EXAMPLE OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT :

ORANGUTAN SUMATERA

        Orangutan Sumatera  (Pongo abelii) is the rarest species of orangutan. Orangutan Sumatera life and endemic to Sumatera, an island located in Indonesia. They are smaller than the Orangutan of Kalimantan.

        Orangutan Sumatera has about 4.6 feet height and 200 pounds weight. The female are smaller, has about 3 feet height and 100 pounds weight. Compared to Orangutan Kalimantan, Orangutan Sumatera is more frugivorous and especially insectivorous. Favored fruit including figs and jackfruit. They also eat bird eggs and small vertebrates.

        It is considered endangered animal because people hunt them and the habitat is damaged to build the agriculture land.

RECOUNT TEXT

RECOUNT TEXT

Ø What is Recount Text?     

        Recount text is the text that used to retell past experience.

Ø  SOCIAL FUNCTION

        To retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.

TYPES OF RECOUNT

Ø Personal Recount

        Retelling of an activity that the speaker/writer has been personally involved

e.g Diary and Biography

        Factual Recount

        Recording the particulars of an accident

e.g News Report, Experience

        Imaginative Recount

        Talking of an imaginary role and giving details of event

e.g A day in the life of, experience

GENERIC STRUCTURE

¡  Orientation

        Provide the setting (when & where) and introduces participants/characters (who)

¡   Series of Events

        Tell what happened or events in temporal sequences

¡   Re-orientation

        Closure of events (e.g comments or conclution)

LANGUAGE FEATURES

v Focus on individual participants

v  Use of past tense

v Focus on a Temporal sequence of events

v Use of materials (or actions) clauses

EXAMPLE OF RECOUNT TEXT :

HOLIDAY IN USA

        Last summer I got a fantastic holiday. I visited some great places.

        I went  to an aiport and was going to fly to Cleveland. I was spending there two days.

        I liked to see some Cleveland Cavaliers basketball matches.

        Then I went to Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in Los Angeles, California, United States. It had become world-famous as the center of the film industry. Four major film companies-Paramount Warner Bros, RKO and Columbia-had studios in Hollywood. I did not want to leave but I had to.         After that, I went to New York City. I visited the Statue of Liberty. I went from the bottom of Manhattan to the top the crown. That was very amazing.

        The places made me feel at home but I have to go home. Next time I would return to them.

PROCEDURE TEXT

PROCEDURE TEXT

DEFINITION

There are three definitions procedure text :

1.    Text that explain how something works or how to use instruction / operation manuals e.g. how to use the video, the computer, the tape recorder, the photocopier, the fax.

2.    Text that instruct how to do a particular activity e.g. recipes, rules for games, science experiments, road safety rules.

SOCIAL FUNCTION

                The purpose procedure text is to tell the reader how to do or make something. The information is presented in a logical sequence of events which is broken up into small steps.

GENERIC STRUCTURE

1.    Title

2.    Material Needed (Optional)

3.    Methods or Steps

LANGUAGE FEATURES

—  Focus on generalized human agents

—  Use of simple present tense

—  Use of mainly temporal conjunctive relations

—   Use of mainly material (action) clauses

—  Use of Imperative or action verb

EXAMPLE OF PROCEDURE TEXT :

HOW TO MAKE MANGO JUICE

Ingredients:

—  A glass of ice pack

—  A spoon of sugar

—  A piece of mango

—  A half glass of water

Steps :

First, peel the mango and clean it

Next, cut the mango into pieces and put them into the juicer

Then, put the water, ice and sugar

After that turn on the juice and wait about 15 seconds

Finally, turn off the juicer, pour the mango juice into the glass and ready to drink

NARRATIVE TEXT

NARRATIVE TEXT

DEFINITION

        Narrative text is the text which tells of the past who has the time and place of occurrence, moral message, problem, climax and resoliution. 

SOCIAL FUNCTION

        To amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or various experience in different ways

GENERIC STRUCTURE

¨ Orientation

¨  Problem evaluation

¨ Complication

¨ Resolution

¨ Re-orientation         

LANGUAGE FEATURES

v Focus on specific participants

v Use of past tense

v Use of temporal conjuction and temporal curcumstances

EXAMPLE OF NARRATIVE TEXT :

The  Origin of the city  Surabaya

Once upon a time , there were two animals , Sura and Baya. Sura is the name of the shark and Baya the crocodile . They live in the deep sea . After  Sura and Baya were looking for some food . Suddenly, Baya see a nice goat . " Yummy is good, this is the most delicious lunch, "said Baya . ' No way ! This is my lunch . You greedy " Sura said . After that, they fought for goats. After several hours of fighting, they were very tired. Feels tired of fighting , they live in different places . Sura Baya live in the water and stay in the country.

        Border is the beach , so they do not will fight again . Someday,  Sura went to the ground and look for some food in the river. He was very hungry and there was not much food in the sea . Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke a promise. they fight again. They both punching and kicking. tail Sura Baya fight . Baya did the same thing to Sura . He bit very hard until Sura finally gave up and returned to the sea . Baya happy. named his final city of Surabaya .

REPORT TEXT

REPORT TEXT

Ø DEFINITION :

    Report text is the text which give information a